Language is a problem. You are used to the concept of particle and that is a very primitive concept. Let me introduce the concept of dilator:
To understand the concept of a dilator as being a coherence between 4D Stationary Deformational States it is advantageous to review what is an electronic coherence and how it produces electromagnetic waves.
I will tell you something that Science doesn't know...:) and that is the source of the action-at-distance paradox.
Let's think about a coherence between 1s and 2p states of a Hydrogen atom.
What does that means?
This means that we excited through some means a hydrogen atom such that its electron is now at the 2s stationary state. Normal quantum mechanics interpretation requires that a vaccum or real electromagnetic field to interact with the 2s hydrogen atom to create a coherence between 1s and 2s states. A coherence means that the Hydrogen atom plus electromagnetic field is neither is 2s nor in 1s states. Instead the hydrogen atom is in a combination states and properties will oscillate as the atom moves from one state to another.
A property dipole moment has expectation value equal to zero on either state. On the combination or coherence, one has a transition dipole moment, which oscilates with frequency equal to the energy gap between 1s and 2s (divided by h).
This oscillating dipole is equivalent to an oscillating charge and it will interact with other charges in the proximity. Everything (surrounding charges) is in motion. At this point, I would like to emphasize that the classical and quantum mechanical description are equivalent, that is, the charges interacting throught their electromagnetic fields will only absorb energy when there is a dephasing. A dephasing is what happens when you push a kid on a swing out of phase with the motion. If you push the kid perfectly in phase, the motion remains the same (if one neglects friction). The kid only reaches higher or lower heights if you are out of phase, energy only gets transferred during dephasing processes.
In the case of a dilator, instead of electronic states in a hydrogen atom, one has a local deformation (like a local shrinkage or stretching circular region on a bed sheet if one makes the analogy of the 4D space metric with bedding).
Dilaton are the 4D space metric waves with wavelength equal to the Compton wavelength of a Hydrogen atom (one atomic mass unit). This is a very small wavelength. The neutron Compton wavelength is 1.319 590 8951 x 10-15 m, that is basically 10^5 the hydrogen atom or the size of the nucleus.
In my Universe model, there is a very fine mess of dilaton waves propagating in all directions. Electromagnetic waves are waves on that mess with much longer wavelenght.
The dilator as a coherence between two states can be thought as a coherence between a dime and a quarter coins. Positive coins or cash is a positive displacement 4D volume while negative cash is a negative displacement 4D volume.
The dilator has spin, which makes it look like a rotating coin shifting from dime to quarter and from negative to positive...:) credit to debit...:)
Displacement 4D volumes are added or subtracted to the Cartesian 4D space, thus increasing or decreasing the distance between points on each side of the dilator.
As the rotating dime/quarter goes around it business, we only see the shadow, so if you ever see a dime, you will not see it when if becomes a quarter if there is a relationship between spinning and tunneling between dime and quarter states...
If the spinning is half (half the frequency of tunneling), then a dime will always be seen as a dime and a quarter will always be seem as a quarter.
At this point you should be jumping up and down and asking what about the intermediate phases...:) when the dime 10 degrees rotated and it is in the middle of tunneling...
Well, I have two answers.
There is a Principle that goes hand in hand in my physics and with all physics. The principle is Hamilton's Principle or Lagrangian Principle... This principles is derived from forcing boundary forces to do no work.
In my Universe it translate into dilator always dilating in phase with the dilaton fields generated by all the other dilators. This is termed Cosmological Coherence and Quantum Lagrangian Principle in my paper.
Since I just have to consider specific phases, it is easy to extract the position of the dilator at any given time.
This is done by calculating the gradient of the dilaton field in the surrounding of the probe dilator and move it to that position in the next step (of the Hyperspherical Universe expansion).
So we have an awfully big Universe stepping on a very small step along the radial direction. There is no quantization of the other directions (lateral directions), so space is not quantized on 3D. Neither is local time. Cosmological Time is quantized or not depending upon you taste. It is not important.
From the actual motion of the dilator calculated on the RXYZ cross-section of the Hypergeometrical Icon (figure above), one calculate the actual 4Dstress (=4DStrain*4DVolume) on the Fabric of Space.
Like the men on the cave we then calculate the 3DStrain (3DStrain*3DVolume).
Since in the RXYZ cross-section one sees the whole volume (dime plus quarter), one uses 1 as the 4D Volume. On the XYZTau cross-section, we only see the shadow (either a dime/electron or quarter/proton).
The Double Potential well is mentioned becose one needs to have a coherence between asymmetric states - the electron and the proton have clearly different 3D volume projections.
The why the double potential is asymmetric should not raise problems since the motion forward is clearly asymmetric. The final description of the metric double potential well is to be detailed by other people with access to data and time...:) I don't really have time now to do that...:)
In summary, in my Universe, Electron and Proton are the dime and quarter of this basic description. They are the two (of four) phases of this tunneling spinning process. Anti-particles are the other two (anti-proton and anti-electron).
So there isn't anything as a particle (a localized something) or a particle-wave duality as you might have heard. There is only a fundamental dilator.
The fundamental dilator is so important because the tunneling frequency determines interaction. If you put together particles with different tunneling frequencies they will produce dilaton fields of different wavelengths and their interaction will vanish at long distance.
This is the basis for non-interacting dilators (neutrinos and maybe dark matter).
Let me know if you understood and ask me any questions. It would be invaluable for me to know if people can understand such clear concepts..>:)
Cheers,
MP
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